世界秩序条约特征及其对国际法的影响
The Characteristics of World-order Treaties and Their Impact upon International Law
Abstract
晚近世界秩序条约的出现是国际社会发展变迁的结果。与传统双边条约相比,世界秩序条约的特征主要表现为:条约以维护社会共同利益为宗旨;成员具有普遍性和代表性;条约实践开始弱化“主权同意“原则;条约的实施机制具有组织化和集中化趋势。世界秩序条约促使国际法发生了深刻结构变迁:国际法已经从“私法“性质逐渐过渡到“公法“性质;从主权本位逐渐过渡到社会本位;国际法律秩序开始宪政化。 The emergence of world-order treaties is a result of the changing international society.Compared with traditional bilateral treaties,world-order treaties are characterized by their serving social interests as their aims,by their universal membership,by their weakening sovereignty consent,as well as by their increasingly centralized and organized enforcement mechanisms.World-order treaties have caused the structural changes of international law in that international law has been transformed from private-law nature to public-law one,from sovereignty-orientation to society-orientation, and international law has been undergoing constitutionalization.