我国第三人撤销之诉之构建——以原告适格为中心
The Construction of the Suit of the Third Party Discharging the Judgment in China——Center in the Proper Plaintiff
Abstract
在各国民事诉讼实践中，侵害案外第三人合法权益的情形时有发生，当事人从不自觉到恶意诉讼侵害第三人权益的现象愈发普遍。为此各国通过设立第三人另行起诉、第三人申请再审、第三人撤销之诉给予第三人保护。上述制度在保护第三人合法权益的实践中取得了卓越的成效。我国目前有关维护第三人合法权益的规定主要体现在第三人参加诉讼、执行阶段的案外人执行异议制度、案外人申请再审制度以及新增设的第三人撤销之诉。2012年修改民事诉讼法时，在第56条增设第3款，确立了第三人撤销之诉制度，给予受到侵害但非因可归责于己的事由而未能参加诉讼且案件亦未进入执行程序的第三人以救济。本文即以阐述第三人撤销之诉的产生和理论基础为起点，尝试... In the practice of civil procedure of different countries, there are often violations of the rights of a third party, while the parties seldom recognize it which makes those phenomena even more common. Each country, therefore, sets up systems, such as separate suit of the third party, retrial applied by the third party and the suit of the third party discharging the judgment, to protect them. And ...