秦汉连坐制及法制史的若干问题研究
The Research on the System of Joint Responsibility and Some Issues of the Legal History in the Zhanguo, Qin and Han periods
Abstract
本文前半（第一章至第四章）探討了秦漢時期連坐制的變遷及其背景。“三族刑”（對犯人的父母、妻子兒女、同產處以死刑的刑罰）的起源是戰國時期君主爲了確保臣下的忠誠，將其親屬扣作人質。雖然族刑已從其以前開始實施，但進入戰國時期後，族刑的適用範圍固定并縮減到“三族”。這是因爲戰國時期家庭的規模一般已縮減，將三族以外親屬加以處罰的必要性減退。而且，戰國時期多有離開出身國到別國做官的人，他們均從自己的宗族分立，攜帶的親屬亦較少。爲了確保他們的忠誠，適用族刑的範圍有三族則足夠。 漢初反復了三族刑的廢除和制定，但文帝後元元年至七年之間再次制定以後，沒有廢除而沿用至漢末。廢除三族刑的背景有戰國以來的三族刑廢除論... The first half of this report (from chapter 1 to 4) examined the transition and background of the system of joint responsibility in Qin 秦and Han 漢 periods. "San-zu xing 三族刑" (The punishment which punishs parents, wife, children, brothers and sisters of the offender to death) originated that monarchs took familiies of subjects as hostages in Warring States period, in order to ensure the loyalty of ...