美国华裔文学作品中的语言“潜能”探究——以谭恩美作品为例

Abstract

【中文摘要】亚里士多德的语言“潜能”不是ー个静态物质，而是ー种复杂的实现运动，不仅包括运动之前的“原始潜能”、具体的运动过程、运动之后的“ニ级潜能”还包括使用者对语言“潜能”施加的不同作用力，以及潜在的使用标准和想要达到的沟通效果。美国华裔作家谭恩美作品的语言表现出巨大的“潜能”。谭恩美创造性地在文本中使用具有中英混杂这种“原始潜能” 的独特语言,并通过讲述故事的艺术形式让小说人物自己讲自己的故事,最终实现了语言的“ニ级潜能”——顛覆了标准英语的话语霸权，为美国华裔提供了自我赋权的有效途径。这种语言“潜能”的运动蕴含着作家对美国华裔文化身份问题的深刻反思与探索。谭恩美认为，美国华裔文化是融合中美文化特色所形成的独特族裔文化,美国华裔是ー个既不同于美国人也区别于中国人的独特族群,他们需要不断调和两种文化的矛盾冲突，寻找两种文化的平衡点，最终实现自我身份的建构。 【Abstract】Aristotle's language “potential” is not a static matter，but a complex implementation movement，covering not only the pre-movement “primitive potential”，the actual movement process and the post-movement “secondary poten- tial”，but also the different forces applied to the language potential by the user，the potential usage standard and the desired communication effect. The language of Chinese American writer Amy Tan's works shows a huge “potential”. Amy Tan creatively uses the unique language with the “primitive potential” of a Chinese-English mix and enables the characters tell their own stories through the art form of storytelling，thereby achieving the “secondary potential” of language - overturning the discourse hegemony of standard English - and providing an effective way of self- empowerment for Chinese American. The movement of the language “potential” contains the writer's profound reflections on and exploration of the cultural identity of Chinese Americans. In Amy Tan's view，Chinese American culture is a unique ethnic culture formed by the fusion of Chinese and American cultural characteristics,and Chinese Americans are a unique ethnic group different from both Americans and Chinese, which means that they have to constantly reconcile the conflict between the two cultures，find a balance,and eventually construct self-identity.