欧盟国际投资法庭方案及其影响探究

Abstract

投资者—国家争端解决机制（ISDS机制）源于国际商事仲裁的制度设计，其目的是为了避免国际投资争端解决的政治化，保护海外投资。20世纪80年代末期开始，即使是此前崇尚“卡尔沃主义”的发展中国家也逐渐接受了ISDS机制，纷纷在其投资条约或自由贸易协定中规定ISDS条款。然而，随着国际投资仲裁实践的不断发展，ISDS机制的合法性危机开始出现。国际社会纷纷质疑ISDS过于保护投资者权益，忽视东道国对公共政策的管制权力；仲裁员缺乏独立性与公正性；以及仲裁程序缺乏透明度及仲裁结果缺乏一致性；等等。 为了解决ISDS机制面临的若干问题，国际社会进行了大量探讨，并提出了若干的改革建议。在此背景下，欧盟对IS...

Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) is derived from international commercial arbitration, with an aim to avoid the politicization of international dispute settlement and to protect foreign investment. Since the late 1980s, developing countries, which had objected to ISDS before, also have accepted it. After that, ISDS provisions have been incorporated in all kinds of bilateral investment trea...