技术安全框架还是环境正义框架?——从东山PX事件看政府风险传播的困局与破解

Abstract

产业转入地的公众常常采用环境正义框架去理解来自发达地区的环境风险,而地方政府却使用技术安全框架对公众实施风险传播,传播障碍往往由此产生。研究以毗邻古雷PX项目(原厦门PX)的福建省东山县铜陵镇为调研点,探索当地公众的环境正义意识对其风险反应的预测效应,以理解政府风险传播未能阻止当地环境群体事件发生的原因。结果发现程序正义意识对公众是否接受风险、支持"邻避",以及通过"散步"表达环境诉求均有显著预测效应,意味着产业转入地政府的风险传播应优先回应公众的环境正义诉求。

While the public in the destinations of industrial relocation usually adopted environmental justice frame to interpret environmental risks input from developed regions,the local governments of those destinations often applied technical safety frame to risk communication,which consequently led to communication breakdown.Based on a survey and in-depth interviews conducted in Tongling,a town close to Gulei PX project(originally Xiamen PX),the paper explores how the local residents'awareness of environmental justice can predict their reactions to the risk of PX,in order to understand why an environmental mass incident has not been prevented by government risk communication.The study shows that the awareness of procedural justice has salient predictive effects on the acceptability of risk,the attitude toward NIMBY,and the participation in mass incidents,which implies that the local government should give the priority of its risk communication strategy to the value of environmental justice.