当代中国美学的病理分析

Abstract

阻碍当代中国美学取得更大成就的学理上的原因,主要有三个:哲学基础薄弱;艺术知识匮乏;好为"宏大叙事",陷入抽象思辨。20世纪中国美学并无杰出成就,归根到底是由于还没有形成真正的哲学。没有自己的哲学,只好拿来别人的哲学。这种拿来主义和实用主义的方式,造成了当代中国美学的哲学基础薄弱。在今天的中国学界,艺术研究与美学研究是分家的,结果使美学变成了凌虚蹈空的抽象思辨,这主要表现为美学研究"从概念出发"。当代中国美学要走出困境,应当"多研究些问题,少谈些主义"。朱光潜主张美学研究"以事实为基础","从作品中去建立理论",这是美学研究的康庄大道,我们不妨把它视为当代中国美学的一剂对症良药。

The academic reasons hindering contemporary Chinese aesthetics from making greater achievements mainly include: weak philosophical foundation,lack of knowledge of art and being caught in abstract speculation due to being fond of " grandiose narration". The reason why Chinese aesthetics did not have outstanding achievements in the 20 th century is that there was no its own philosophy,instead,an alternative philosophy had to been brought from elsewhere. Therefore,the way of copinism and pragmatism has led to a weak foundation of contemporary Chinese aesthetics. In today's Chinese academic circle,artistic studies and aesthetic studies are separated from each other,making aesthetics become an abstract speculation in the air. It is mainly manifested in " proceeding from a notion" in aesthetic studies. To break through the dilemma,the contemporary Chinese aesthetics should " study more and talk less". As advocated by Zhu Guangqian,aesthetic studies should be "fact- based" to " build up a theory from the works". This is the royal road to success of aesthetic studies,which may also be regarded as the best medicine for contemporary Chinese aesthetics.