基于自愿性会计政策变更的巨额冲销动因研究——来自深沪两市1998-2002年的经验证据

Abstract

自愿性会计政策变更是企业进行盈余管理的重要手段。盈余管理包括收益平滑、巨额冲销和政策诱增式盈余管理。巨额冲销就是有意做大亏损,其目的主要是为了建立秘密准备,以便企业在不远的将来能够在账面上"扭亏为盈"。从1998-2002年间利用自愿性会计政策变更进行巨额冲销的55家上市公司数据研究中,发现巨额冲销与董事变更比例正相关,与企业规模负相关。防止巨额冲销行为,应从完善我国企业会计制度入手,主要监管对象是董事变更比例大的中小上市公司。

Voluntary accounting change is an important method of surplus management within an enterprise. Surplus management includes practices of income leveling, taking a big bath and increasing surplus through policy. Taking a big bath refers to a deliberate act of making a big loss for the purpose of preparing secretly to keep an account of "turning loss into gain" in the near future. Through a study of 55 listed companies which have taken big bath with voluntary accounting policy changes during the period from 1998 to 2002, we find that the percentage of taking big bath has a positive correlation with that of director replacement and a negative correlation with that of firm size. To guard against the act of taking a big bath, we should first of all improve and perfect our enterprise accounting system, and the supervision should focus on the medium and small sized listed companies with a big percentage of director replacement.