论雇主对雇员追偿权的合理规制

Abstract

长期以来，学术界和立法部门对雇主对雇员追偿权制度都缺乏足够的重视，只有司法解释对此进行了有限规范。本文以解决实际问题为出发点，首先，探讨了现行法律规定中雇主追偿权规则的不足，并分析司法实务中雇主行使追偿权、雇员向雇主逆追偿的诸多案例中反映出的问题和审判部门的价值取向。其次，通过对雇主责任的理论依据和法律性质的分析以及对德国法上雇主追偿权制度的考察，提出对我国雇主追偿权制度进行完善的必要性。最后，提出规制雇主追偿权的具体路径，将雇主追偿权的法律性质界定为损失的公平合理分担，明确相应的法律规则，拓宽追偿权的适用范围，同时限制追偿的比例。建议今后在修订或者解释《侵权责任法》时，坚持照顾弱者的价值取向...

For a long time, academic circles and legislative branches didn't pay enough attention to employer's right of recourse against employee. Only the judicial interpretation had provided imperfect rules. The purpose of this paper is to solve practical problems. Firstly, this paper discussed the shortcomings of current legal provisions about the rules of the employer's right of recourse, and analyzed t...