民国时期国立大学的设立与分布

Abstract

民国时期大学的国立化进程,是中国官方办学历史传统的文化内因与政治、战争、经济等客观存在的压力外因二者合力推动的历史产物。民国时期国立大学在各省份的具体分布上基本呈现为“扁平化结构分布格局“,即大部分省份至少有一所国立大学。反观当今基本呈现为“金字塔结构分布格局“的部属高校,其启示有三:一应加强政府引导,调整教育布局战略规划,二应依托经济振兴计划,加大中西部高等教育投入力度,三应实行发达援助落后的对口帮扶策略,以促进当代中国优质高等教育资源的均衡化。

The university nationalization progress in the period of the Republic of China was the result,which caused by the internal cultural tradition of the official school,as well as the external pressure from the politics,war and economy.The distribution of national universities appeared"the flat structure",that was each province having a national university at least.At present,the distribution of universities affiliated to the ministry show"the pyramid structure".By comparison,such references could be gotten.The government should guide and adjust the strategic planning of education distribution;should increase the investment for the mid-west higher education,relying on the economic recovery plan;should carry out the counterpart cooperation strategy to promote the educational resource equilibrium.