高等教育“适应论”真的是历史的误区吗?——兼谈高等教育的理想与现实

Abstract

上世纪80年代以来,在高等教育与社会的关系问题上,潘懋元先生教育内外部关系规律的观点已得到我国学术界的公认。有学者将潘懋元先生的内外部关系规律总结为“适应论“并对其进行多方面的否定和批判,并判定“适应论“是历史的误区。本文在尽力还原双方观点的基础上对其进行分析,认为这些学者所谓的“适应论“是对高等教育内外部关系规律的一种误读,“理性引领说“中的很多观点虽有价值但是过于理想化,同时它对“适应论“的批判存在着误批和过度批判的问题。高等教育的理想应该立足于现实,在适应社会中引领社会,实现现实和理想的结合。

Since 1980 s,as for the issue of the relationship between higher education and the society,our nation's academic circles have generally acknowledged Pan Maoyuan's theory of internal and external relations law in higher education.By summarizing Pan's two- law theory as"Adaptation Theory",some scholars make many- sided negation and criticism towards it and judge it as a historical misunderstanding.On the basis of restoring standpoints of both sides,my essay believes that the so- called"Adaptation Theory"hold by some scholars is a misreading of internal and external relations law in higher education.Many valuable viewpoints could be seen in the"Theory of Rational Guidance",but most of them are too idealized.Moreover,it has placed mistaken and undue criticism on the"Adaptation Theory".The ideal of higher education should be based on reality: guiding the society while adapting to it and thus realizing the combination of ideal and reality.