美国高校组织管理改革的动向与启示

Abstract

面对政治、经济、社会与科学技术等外部环境的变化,美国高校的组织管理方式也正经历着重要变革,而且直接关涉高校组织管理的核心内容:学生如何为高等教育付费,资源如何在高校内部分配,谁承担高等教育工作,如何对这些工作支付报酬,高校如何组织等。这些变革是对原有高校运作模式的质疑与突破,也是对外部压力所进行的一种平衡与协调。

Political,economic,social,and technological changes are placing growing pressures on American college and university operations.The reform arenas focus squarely on the heart of colleges and universities administration: how students pay for higher education,how the resource is distributed within an institution,who do the work of higher education,and how they are paid for that work,how the university is organized to deliver on its mission.These five reforms represent arenas of experimentation by institutional leaders willing to question the virtues of established business models or forced by constraints to make trade-offs regarding those models.