家庭背景、族群身份与我国少数民族的高等教育获得

Abstract

基于对全国175所高校大一新生的问卷调查,分析其家庭背景与族群身份对我国少数民族群体进入不同类型高校机会的影响,结果发现:我国少数民族的高等教育获得受社会分层与族群分层结构的双重制约。从家庭背景的角度来看,总体上家庭背景愈佳,少数民族子女获得高等教育的机会越多;从族群身份的角度来看,在控制家庭背景变量的情况下,少数民族学生较汉族学生更易获得本科层次的教育机会。

Based on a sub-data questionnaire drawing from "Research Database of Higher Education in China",the paper examines the impact of family background and ethnic identity on Chinese minorities' acquisition of higher education.The result shows that Chinese minorities' acquisition of higher education is restricted by social stratification and ethnic stratification structures.From the standpoint of family background,minority families with good background are good at operating economic,social and cultural capitals to create benefit condition for their offspring's acquisition of higher education.From the standpoint of ethnic identity,students from ethnic minorities are more likely to be admitted by common universities as long as with similar family background,but it is more difficult for them to be admitted by key universities and non-state-run colleges.