钢筋阻锈剂的应用与展望

Abstract

钢筋腐蚀造成钢筋混凝土构筑物提前失效是现代社会迫切需要解决的严重问题.使用钢筋阻锈剂是控制混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的有效措施,具有重要的经济和社会意义.本文综述了钢筋阻锈剂性能及其阻锈机理,特别是评述了不同类别钢筋阻锈剂的研究进展和应用前景.指出开发新型、高效、环境友好的复合型阻锈剂是今后的重点研究方向.

The premature degradation of reinforced concrete structures due to the reinforcing steel corrosion is one of the most serious problems throughout the world,which results in a huge economic loss and is an urgent problem to be resolved in practice.Many techniques have been developed to protect reinforcing steel in concrete from corrosion,including applications of corrosion inhibitors,the use of epoxy coated rebars and galvanized rebars,cathodic protection,electrochemical treatment,and so on.Among these techniques,the use of corrosion inhibitors to control the corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete is a low cost and effective method,and is of important economic and social significance.Many compounds have been used as corrosion inhibitors against reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete.The nitrites,mainly calcium and sodium nitrites,were mostly used as inorganic corrosion inhibitors in the early stage,but afterwards the use of the nitrites is limited due to their toxicity.Organic inhibitors mainly include aminoalcohol,amines,fatty-acid esters or their mixtures,however,there are still many problems to be solved in their applications and inhibition effects.This paper reviews the roles of different types of steel corrosion inhibitors and their inhibition mechanisms,and particularly gives an overview of their research progress and application prospects.Finally,it is concluded that developing new,efficient and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibiting admixtures is the focus of future studies.