农用低成本超强吸水剂的制备工艺

Abstract

概述了合成类吸水树脂在农用上的进展,提出采用低成本且工艺成熟的水溶液法,以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为基体、接枝可溶性淀粉进行三元单体共聚,经钠基膨润土改性,复合引发剂、复合交联剂制备低成本、易降解的合成类吸水性树脂。经实验改进和工艺条件优化后,树脂吸去离子水倍率可达1 940.9 g/g,吸自来水899.8g/g。采用红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等分析手段对合成树脂进行了分析表征,证实了产物为淀粉、丙烯酸及丙烯酰胺的共聚物。

The utilization status of the synthetic absorbent resin in agricultural applications was summarized.An improved process of three monomer copolymer system was proposed by using an aqueous solution polymerization.These three monomers are soluble starch,acrylic acid and acrylamide,which are modified by sodium bentonite,using a composite initiator and cross-linker.By improving the experiments and optimizing the process conditions,the absorption rate of the synthetic absorbent resins is up to 1 940.9 g/g in deionized water,and 899.8 g/g in tap water.In addition,the structure and performance of the synthetic absorbent resin were characterized by using infrared spectroscopy,thermal gravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction,which shows that it is an copolymer of starch,acrylic acid and acrylamide.