车对车侧面碰撞兼容性影响因素分析
Study on Influencing Factors of Crash Compatibility in Passenger Vehicle Front-to-side Impacts
Abstract
汽车碰撞兼容性由于能更好地反映真实交通事故,已发展成为被动安全研究领域中最具安全技术潜力的新技术。针对侧面冲击载荷作用下车对车的碰撞兼容性问题,从理论分析和仿真分析角度出发,研究了主要影响因素:两车质量比、汽车前端刚度特性、汽车几何特征对两车碰撞兼容性的影响。结果表明:质量比是影响两车兼容性好坏的关键因素,通过降低汽车前端变形吸能刚度和主吸能位置、提高两车碰撞接触面积等可以提高被撞击车的耐撞性和降低撞击车的攻击性,从而降低所有涉案人员损伤,提高车对车侧面碰撞兼容性。 Crash compatibility has been developed as the most potential safety technology in the field of passive safety,for it can describe the crash accidents better than other technologies in real world.This paper,taking the front-to-side crash compatibility as the studying objective,conducted front-to-side impact simulation tests and used crash mechanics to evaluate crash compatibility for passenger vehicles.Meanwhile,main factors affecting self-protection and aggressivity were studied,which includes mass ratio,front-end rigidity of vehicle crush,and vehicle geometry characteristic.The research indicates that the key factor affecting crash compatibility is the mass ratio;decreasing the front-end crush rigidity and the primary energy-absorbing structure position of striking vehicle and increasing the contact area of vehicle crashing can improve the crash compatibility(including crashworthiness and aggressivity),and thus the injury risk of occupants could be reduced.